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Low appraisals, weed, & rent control

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I’ve been getting lots of phone calls and emails about low appraisals over the past couple months. Is something in the water? What’s going on? Let’s talk about this briefly. Then I have some quick thoughts on weed and rent control.

5 things to remember about “low” appraisals:

1) This is common when the market slows.
2) This is even more common in a declining market.
3) It should happen if the contract is too high.
4) It can spur negotiation instead of kill a deal.
5) The value of course is too low sometimes.

The problem: During the housing “bubble” we expected appraisers to always “meet value” so to speak. Yeah, that wasn’t good. But it seems like the residue of that expectation still exists today. So when an appraisal comes in lower than the contract price, it’s often treated like a grave market sin when in fact this should be something that happens from time to time. I know this sounds a bit Pollyanna to say, but I’d like to see the real estate community view appraisals this way instead of thinking appraisers should “hit the number” all the time. Appraisers have an important role to play in the market and if they’re doing their job correctly it won’t always lead to smooth escrows.

Botched appraisals and what to do: Of course we don’t live in a perfect world and appraisers legitimately miss value at times. I’m not glossing over that frustration and I realize there are horror stories out there. When this happens it’s reasonable to go through the lender’s process of asking the appraiser to reconsider the value. I don’t think any appraiser looks forward to this, but it’s part of the business, which is why I advocate for data-informed conversations and ethical protocol. In fact, here’s some tips and a form I suggest using if the lender will allow it (otherwise you’ll need to use the lender’s form).

Note to appraisers: I know this post will not sit well with some colleagues, but this is a part of the business and my goal here is to elevate the conversation (and hopefully only see rebuttals when they need to happen).

Rent control: I have an upcoming interview about rent control with an appraiser colleague in the Bay Area (and I’ll likely do others too). We’ll talk through rent control dynamics and some things to consider for value. In the meantime, here are two quick thoughts. One, rent control is a huge deal, but we’re going to need some time to really understand the fine print as well as its effect on the housing market. The temptation is to look for an immediate impact, but we might need years to fully understand the effects. Secondly, rent control will change the way properties are advertised. Gone are the days of saying things like, “Rents are below market and you can raise them to X amount after buying.” The problem is market rent isn’t so straightforward any longer because not all units can be legally rented at the same level. Remember, rent control does not apply to single family homes. My advice? Be careful with assertions about market rent. 

Landlords getting huge weed fines: There was an illuminating piece by Capital Public Radio on Sacramento fining landlords when tenants turn rentals into “grow” houses. We’re talking big money too as the story highlights an example of a $137,000 fine. The author of the piece states the City of Sacramento has issued almost $100M in penalties over the past two years. I’ll let lawyers figure out if this is legal or not, but from a market perspective this is something to watch. What are the positives and negatives of this type of enforcement for the housing market? How will this affect investors?

I hope this was interesting or helpful.

BIG MARKET UPDATE: I’ll be giving a deep market update at SAR on September 24th from 10:30-12:00pm. My goal is for everyone to walk away with an understanding of how the market is moving, ways to describe it, and some ideas for business in 2020. Sign up here.

Questions: What is the sixth thing to remember about low appraisals? Any stories to share? Any thoughts on rent control or the weed dynamic right now?

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Peaking prices & rosy real estate narratives

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People tend to freak out when prices slow down. What’s going on? Is the market crashing? But every year around this time we start to see the market soften. Let’s talk about this, and then for those interested I have a big market update.

1) Slowing is normal: Prices have likely crested for the season in many areas of the country. What I mean there’s a good chance we’ve more or less seen the highest prices we’re going to see for 2019 as the market is starting to show its descent from the high-altitude spring season. This happens EVERY. SINGLE. YEAR. It doesn’t mean it’s not competitive either. It just means it starts to take longer to sell, the number of sales begins to shrink, and prices tend to taper.

2) The rosy real estate narrative: It can be a struggle for many people when hearing the market is slowing. It’s like we are only allowed to talk about real estate in glowing terms and our talking points must fit into a rosy narrative. So when there’s any hint of news that sounds even slightly negative, it feels like something is wrong. What do you mean prices aren’t going up? Wait, they’re softening? Does that mean the market is about to turn? Remember, just as it’s not always sunny outside, real estate isn’t always burning hot either.

3) The mistake of misinterpreting slowness: On the other side of the coin we tend to see lots of doom and gloom conversations around this time of year as the market softens. My advice? Know what is normal for the fall season so you can assess whether it’s a normal seasonal slowing or something more. In other words, let the stats speak to you and inform your real estate narrative. Otherwise you may be swayed by sensational headlines or get sucked into a real estate culture that sometimes struggles when things aren’t ultra-positive.

Any thoughts?

—–——– Big local monthly market update (long on purpose) —–——–

Now for those interested, let’s talk about Sacramento trends. If I had to sum up the market I’d say things have felt a little more normal lately. Granted, low mortgage rates are like a steroid helping the market feel normal, but nonetheless stats have been about what we’d expect for this time of year – which is unlike the dark season we experienced last year at the same time.

DOWNLOAD 80+ visuals: Please download all graphs here as a zip file. See my sharing policy for 5 ways to share (please don’t copy verbatim).

THE SHORT VERSION:

  • Stats feel mostly normal
  • California will now have rent control
  • Year-over-year price growth is stronger
  • Don’t be like Michael Jordan
  • Volume was down slightly in August
  • Listings are seriously anemic
  • Pendings are strong right now
  • Sales volume is down 9% this year
  • The market is slowing for the season

THE LONGER VERSION:

Here are some of the bigger topics right now:

Normal and cresting prices: We’re seeing about what we’d expect to see right now with prices starting to soften. I’d say prices have likely crested for the season. It’s possible we could see some price metrics bounce up slightly due to low mortgage rates, but that usually doesn’t happen beyond August much. Besides, any sales from September really reflect older pendings from July and August anyway.

Rent control: Statewide rent control in California was just passed by the legislature. There is going to be a learning curve for the real estate community on how to deal with this from a value perspective too. We may need years to really understand the effect on the housing market. Keep in mind this only applies to 2-unit+ properties built prior to 1995 (it does not apply to single family homes). Also, this doesn’t mean rents won’t increase either because landlords can legally raise rents 5% plus inflation each year.

14th bubble anniversary: The real estate “bubble” popped fourteen years ago in Sacramento in August 2005. In other parts of the country the market started to turn in 2007, but we started to tank in 2005. So happy anniversary, I guess.

Michael Jordan’s house: In 2012 Michael Jordan’s house was put on the market for $29 million and after seven years it still hasn’t sold. It’s now listed for about $15M. This just goes to show buyers aren’t willing to pay any price – even if the owner is famous. This is a great object lesson for sellers today who are prone to think they can command whatever price they want since inventory is low. Nope. Buyers are extremely sensitive to paying the right price and they’re more informed than ever. If you want to sell you need to price it right. Bottom line.

Slowing doesn’t mean it’s cold: The market isn’t slow, but it’s starting to show signs of slowing for the season as it’s taking longer to sell, most price metrics declined from July to August, and sales volume looks to be starting to slough for the year as it normally does. This doesn’t mean the market is cold though. Not at all. It’s just not as hot as it was during the spring. Over the next month I’d expect the market to heat up a bit though since kids are back in school and vacations are done. There is usually a last run on the market before the holidays arrive.

Almost 8 years of price increases: In the current real estate price cycle we’ve had about eight years of price growth so far. When I say eight, some people correct me with seven, but that’s not accurate if you count every year since 2012. I also have a chart like this for Placer, Yolo, & El Dorado County in my monthly download.

Stronger price growth: Prices are up about 4-5% from last year, which is a change from a more subtle 2-3% we’ve been seeing for most of the year. What’s going on? Part of the growth could stem from low mortgage rates fueling buyers to play the game, but let’s remember too last year was a dull time in the market, which means it’s going to be easier on paper this year to see glowing stats (more on that below). Let’s not make too much of one month of data.

Really sparse listings lately: The number of listings has been noticeably down. I mean, we’re seeing multiple hundreds fewer per month these days. Technically housing inventory as a metric is on the lower side of normal these days, but there have been fewer listings hitting the market (remember, inventory as a metric measures the relationship between listings and sales rather than the number of actual listings). I’ve been thinking about what’s going on here for a number of months and I’ll admit I don’t have it all figured out. Part of it of course is pendings have been stronger, which naturally means there’s fewer available listings. And maybe some would-be sellers refinanced into a lower rate rather than selling. I don’t think this is the byproduct of the iBuyer model with so many listings selling privately instead of coming to the market, but some properties certainly sold this way. Mostly I would guess this is related to sellers feeling uncertain about the market. Just as buyers had their moment last year where they backed off the market a bit, maybe sellers are feeling it’s their turn? There could be other reasons. This is something I’ll keep watching to understand over time. I’d love to hear your take here.

Warning about glowing stats ahead: Hey stat nerds, this is important. Over the next few months if we have fairly normal numbers they could end up looking glorious since last year the market was in a slump. If you remember, when mortgage rates shot up in 2018 buyers began to put their foot on the brakes and it felt like there was a dark cloud looming for about six months. Anyway, when you’re pulling stats over these next two quarters, just remember the numbers might technically look glowing this year compared with last year. My advice? Take stats with a grain of salt and compare multiple years of data rather than give laser focus to last year.

I could write more, but let’s get visual instead.

FOUR ISSUES TO WATCH:

1) SLOWER GROWTH: The market continues to show price growth, but the rate of change is slowing. This sounds offensive to some because the narrative in real estate is often that the market is always blazing hot. But let’s remember “slow” is not a dirty word in real estate.

2) A QUICK RECAP: All year prices have shown a modest uptick at about 1-3%, but this past month the stats look a bit sexier. Part of this could be due to lower mortgage rates, but some of it could be due to the market showing weakness last year (which helps pad today’s stats).

3) VOLUME SLUMP: Volume was lower last month compared to August 2018, but not by much. The bigger story though is volume is down in the region by 9% over the past year. Moreover, volume has been down in the region for 14 out of the last 15 months. Overall despite a lower year of volume, it’s still not outside of a normal low range (see 2014 and 2015).

4) PRICES SOFTENED IN AUGUST: The market generally slowed in August in terms of price growth. This is why I’m saying prices feel a bit flat (even though they’re up from last year). This is fairly normal for the time of year, and sometimes we see prices bounce up and down as summer comes to a close. Stay tuned. Let’s keep watching.

NOTE: Take El Dorado County data with a grain of salt. Stats change significantly month by month.

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Please enjoy more images now.

SACRAMENTO REGION (more graphs here):

SACRAMENTO COUNTY (more graphs here):

 

PLACER COUNTY (more graphs here):

EL DORADO COUNTY (more graphs here):

DOWNLOAD 80+ visuals: Please download all graphs here as a zip file. See my sharing policy for 5 ways to share (please don’t copy verbatim).

Questions: What are you seeing out there? What do you think prices are doing? What are you hearing from buyers and sellers lately?

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The coming recession & the housing market

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The coming recession is a huge topic right now and lots of people are wondering about the effect on home prices. What’s going to happen to the housing market? Will we see another crash? Here are a few thoughts on my mind right now. Anything to add? Please comment below.

Last time isn’t the new template: The collapse of the economy during the last recession isn’t the new template for how every future recession and housing market will unfold. I’ve heard things like, “I’m so ready for this recession because I’m going to buy low after values tank.” But prices don’t always crash during a recession as you can see in the images below.

Severity matters: It’s hard to think the housing market is going to be swayed much if it’s a quick recession. But if buyers and sellers end up struggling financially and losing jobs, we can expect a greater effect on home prices (thanks Captain Obvious). The thing is we don’t know right now how severe of a recession we’re going to have, so that’s why we can’t say exactly what the housing market will do.

Consumer behavior: One thing we need to watch is consumer behavior. How will consumers think and act differently in coming time about their purchasing decisions? As I talked about last week, during a recession builders actually tend to build smaller homes since consumers tighten up their finances. This reminds us the way consumers think and act can certainly shape real estate.

Locations aren’t the same: It’s nice to see what national price metrics have done during various recessions, but national numbers can show a different trend than local data.

What do prices do during a recession? Sometimes prices have gone down and other times they’ve gone up during (or after) a recession. There’s not a one-size-fits-all answer. In Sacramento at least most of the time there’s been a price dip during or after a recession. If you’re looking for some historical data in your market, I suggest you check out the Freddie Mac Price Index.

During & After: I’ve seen some images that show home prices have appreciated during three of the past 5 recessions. That may be technically true on the national level, but we have to be sure to look at local stats. Moreover, let’s not narrow our focus to only ask what happens during a recession. What about afterward? What do you see in the images below? 

UPDATE (OCTOBER 2019): I put together a quick presentation to download to help zoom in on various local recessions since these images show a more panoramic view. Enjoy if you wish.

UNITED STATES:

CALIFORNIA:

SACRAMENTO:

Don’t get too stuck on prices: When we think about a recession, let’s of course watch prices, but the bigger story will likely be found in what happens to the number of sales. Are buyers playing the market or are they backing off? In short, let’s not forget to watch sales volume because we’re so obsessed with prices.

The inverted yield curve (and hesitancy): Lots of people are talking about the inverted yield curve as an indicator of a coming change in the economy. For now I don’t hear buyers saying things like, “Maybe I shouldn’t buy because of the inverted yield curve…” Okay, I’m joking in part because most buyers aren’t going to be making a decision based on this metric. But to be fair there’s been a sincere hesitancy among some buyers because they feel uncertain about what the future market is going to do. By the way, thanks to Alex on Twitter for the “inverted” Top Gun reference. This is golden.

Hype: Everyone has a take right now and there is lots of hype about what the market will or won’t do when a recession hits. Some preach doom and gloom and others are doing their best to paint a rosy view of housing. My advice? Let’s do our best to let the actual market influence what we are saying about the market instead of getting caught up in someone’s talking points or agenda.

Making predictions: There are many predictions about a coming recession, and at some point one will happen. But predicting recession specifics is a bit like predicting housing market specifics. At the end of the day we might have ideas, but we don’t know the exact future until it happens.

I hope this was interesting or helpful.

BIG MARKET UPDATE I’M GIVING: I’ll be giving a deep market update at SAR on September 24th from 10:30-12:00pm. My goal is for everyone to walk away with an understanding of how the market is moving, ways to describe it, and some ideas for business in 2020. Sign up here.

Questions: What has been your experience with real estate and recessions? What are you hearing from buyers and sellers right now? Any stories to share?

If you liked this post, subscribe by email (or RSS). Thanks for being here.

Dude, people want smaller homes (sort of)

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Tiny homes are all the rage these days on HGTV, but most people would never pull the trigger on something that size. But the truth is homes in the United States are actually getting smaller lately. Well, sort of. Let’s talk about it.

Why this matters: Knowing a real estate market isn’t just about prices, but understanding what is happening to the housing stock.

Bigger homes in the United States (except lately): New homes seventy years ago were literally one-third the size they are now. So clearly buyers expect much larger homes today. But when looking at recent stats, the size of new homes has actually shrunk over the past few years according to the National Association of Home Builders. Why the shrinkage? Lots of people chalk it up to younger buyers entering the market and needing lower prices. Keep in mind new homes are still an average of 2,300+ sq ft though, so even if buyers are craving smaller homes, these dwellings are massive compared to decades ago.

How has home size changed in Sacramento? Like the United States, homes have definitely grown in size over the past two decades in Sacramento. In fact, based on MLS sales since 1998 we’ve seen the average home size increase by 11.6% and the median size increase by 15.2%.

What happens to home size during recessions? What’s going on with the dip in size after 2007? According to the National Association of Home Builders, the historical pattern is to see new home size fall after recessions as buyers tighten their budgets. Then as the economy improves we tend to see home size increase. The interesting part is we see this trend among new homes nationally and with MLS sales locally.

CLOSING THOUGHTS:

1) Baby Boomers & Millennials: In coming time we’re going to have lots of Baby Boomers downsizing and looking for smaller homes. As for Millennials we’ll keep learning what they want as they enter the housing market.

2) Marketability during recessions: With so much talk about a coming recession, let’s keep an eye on larger homes. Will they be less marketable during the next recession? Will buyers tend to gravitate toward smaller homes? These are key questions.

3) Smaller but not inexpensive: New homes have shrunk in size these past few years, but we’re nowhere near being able to call them inexpensive. The irony of course is society tends to expect new construction to be affordable for first-time buyers, but new homes are actually more expensive by virtue of being brand new. The truth is less expensive homes tend to be found more readily in the older housing stock instead of brand new subdivisions. It’s like shopping for a used car instead of the latest shiny brand new model.

I hope this was interesting or helpful.

BIG MARKET UPDATE I’M GIVING: I’ll be giving a deep market update at SAR on September 24th from 10:30-12:00pm. My goal is for everyone to walk away with an understanding of how the market is moving, ways to describe it, and some ideas for business in 2020. Sign up here.

Questions: What are you hearing from buyers and sellers about size? Any stories to share?

If you liked this post, subscribe by email (or RSS). Thanks for being here.