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Are appraisers keeping up with rapid price growth?

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Rapid price growth. That’s what we’ve been seeing lately in many markets across the country. I’d like to share some stats below for my local market and then talk about whether appraisers are keeping up or not.

RAPID PRICE GROWTH:

The orange line at the top left is the median price these past two months in the Sacramento region. The gap between 2021 and previous years is quite wide, which shows prices have gone up quickly.

SOME CHARTS INSTEAD:

If you’d rather see some numbers instead of line graphs, here’s a quick market recap. Check out that 17% price growth lately. Holy Batman!! I typically share one big market post each month with lots of visuals, but this time I’m only going to talk about prices. I’ll have much more next week and I’ll put some stuff out on Facebook, Twitter, and LinkedIn. Oh, and sometimes Instagram.

RAPID PRICE GROWTH IN NEIGHBORHOODS:

Here are a few local neighborhoods to show how much the market has turned up lately. One of the things I do as an appraiser is calculate price change by following the trendline over time and comparing it to actual sales and pendings in the neighborhood to be sure the trendline is legit. Here’s a video tutorial for how to make a scatter graph like this. See my graphs tab too for other tutorials for gettin’ visual. 

Here’s an example where I appraised a unit in a small gated community with VERY few sales, so it wasn’t easy to understand what the market was doing. This is why I looked at the entire zip code in blue and gave strong weight to a couple neighborhood sales that also sold a few years ago too (I connected a line between these sales (green and orange).

ARE APPRAISERS KEEPING UP?

So the question becomes, are appraisers keeping up with the market? I’d say YES and NO. Here are a few things on my mind.

SMOKING PRICING CRACK: Some offers are disconnected from reality, so we SHOULD NOT be seeing appraisals anywhere near the contract price. We have a market where buyers are sometimes making irrational offers.

WORD ON THE STREET: I’m hearing stories of appraisals coming in at or above the contract price and ones that are lower than the contract price. It’s not all one thing, though I think the negative stories get the most attention. 

THE JOB: An appraiser’s job is not to “hit the number” or make the deal work. The appraiser’s role is to reflect the market and assess risk for the lender. It’s not about whether the buyer wants the house. It’s about whether the lender should make the loan. Thus an appraisal should be a reflection of what buyers would reasonably pay as opposed to an outlier buyer willing to pay more than anyone.

BRAKES OR GAS: Appraisers are not a brake pedal or a gas pedal for the market. They are more like a mirror to reflect the market. I mention this because at times when rapid appreciation happens, it is what it is. Even if an appraiser is baffled by how much current comps and pendings are up from last year, it’s not the appraiser’s job to hit the brakes by coming in lower. There is no such thing as a market only being able to increase by 1% each month either. Look, if the market is going up quickly, the appraiser needs to adjust up and call it a day while of course supporting all adjustments and conclusions in the report. And to my colleagues, we are NOT number hitters and should NOT be letting the contract price influence us (just in case you think I’m saying that).

SALES vs PENDINGS: It’s essential for appraisers to measure the difference between sales and the current market. Sales are like historical artifacts that tell us what the market used to be like 30-90 days ago when they got into contract whereas pendings are going to be a clue into what buyers are willing to pay in the current market. How has the market changed since the price was established for the comps (more or less the contract date)? That’s exactly what appraisers need to measure and precisely why appraisers need to look at both sales and pendings / listings.

BIG ADJUSTMENTS: At times lately I’ve given some hefty market adjustments. For instance, when appraising a home in Rancho Cordova I used a really similar sale from July that sold at $365,000 and the market was willing to easily pay about $40,000 more today. That’s over 10% growth in a very short time period, but that’s what the trendline showed on my graph (see above). This rapid growth was also very clear when comparing recent sales to older sales and looking at higher pendings.

LONE RANGER PENDINGS: It’s important to not base our perception of value on one “lone ranger” pending sale. So if all the comps are at $500,000 and there is one pending at $575,000, I’m not automatically making a $75,000 adjustment up. What I want to look for is a group of pendings to tell me where the market looks to be going. Thus if I see pendings are $510,000, $512,000, $520,000, and $575,000, I can see the market is increasing and I’m going to have to figure out what my market conditions adjustment needs to be by making graphs and understanding from agents the terms of the pendings. What is the contract price? Is the seller offering any concessions back to the buyer? How many offers were there? And these days, is there an appraisal waiver or removal of the appraisal contingency? In short, there is a story to understand about each pending and sometimes the pending might reflect the market well and other times it might be something to throw out because it’s too high OR too low.

YIKES, NO ADJUSTMENTS: A friend showed me an appraisal on her house from one week ago and the appraiser correctly stated the market was increasing in value. But three out four sales did NOT have any adjustments up to account for the market increasing. I’m not saying appraisers need to always adjust every comp, but I was scratching my head wondering why an upward adjustment was not given since the market absolutely went up in value since these properties got into contract 30-60 days ago. Basically, in this case it looks like the so-called appraised value in early March was more like a reasonable value from mid-January and early February because that’s when the comps got into contract and there were no adjustments up to account for the difference. In short, when stuff like this happens, appraisers are definitively behind the market.

THOUGHTS ON COMPLAINING: On real estate forums lately I often hear agents say stuff like, “Appraisers are a joke. Show me two appraisers and I’ll show you two different values.” I get it. But let’s be real. If I asked two agents to give me a value on a house, how many different values do you think I’d get? The answer is the same. We’d see two values and sometimes the difference would be really wide. I say this respectfully and humbly because value is difficult AND there is no such thing as only one value either. There is always a reasonable range, so it makes sense to see two appraisals not come in at the same level. BUT if they’re too far apart, then clearly someone botched value…. On a side note, it’s easy to fall into the trap of speaking down to other real estate professionals, but let’s raise the bar. There is certainly a place for complaining, but don’t make it a lifestyle or shtick. This goes for the way agents talk about appraisers and the way appraisers talk about agents. Sorry for the sermon, but this is something I believe strongly. You won’t hear me disparage another group because I am a professional. I’d rather listen, educate, elevate, and of course admit when I’m wrong.

OTHER: This post is starting to be a dissertation, so I’ll stop here. What am I missing? What would you like to add? Any helpful nuggets to share?

Questions: What are you seeing happen with appraisals right now? What stands out to you most about the stats above? I’d love to hear your take.

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The danger of overpricing & chasing real estate unicorns

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Overpricing. It happens all the time in real estate – especially in today’s market. I get where sellers are coming from because we’ve had so much glowing real estate news for more than five years. But that doesn’t mean we’re in a market where you can command whatever price you want. 

Chasing the unicorn: Many sellers are pricing their properties too high. It’s as if they expect record-breaking prices and multiple offers every time because of how “hot” the market is. Homeowners get so fixated on the idea of a fiery market that they price for that one unicorn buyer who’s going to mysteriously pay more than anyone else. This “unicorn” will ignore all recent sales and listings and magically offer 10% higher than anything. In Sacramento the idea is a Bay Area “unicorn” will swoop in with fat stacks of cash and totally ignore similar comps that are selling for less. It’s nice when sellers get lucky like that, but in today’s market buyers are actually much more finicky about price. Despite a legitimate housing shortage we don’t have a market where buyers are willing to pay crazy prices that are totally disconnected from reality. In other words, we don’t have a market where pricing for the “unicorn” makes good sense (unless you want to sit on the market instead of sell). Take a look at the image below that shows price reductions over the past 24 hours in the Sacramento region. These 78 properties have been priced too high for the market.

My advice? Price for the real market instead of the unicorn. Give the most weight to similar sales and similar listings that are actually getting into contract.

Aspirational pricing: If you aren’t familiar with the term aspirational pricing, Jonathan Miller coined this phrase. It’s a great way to describe the phenomenon of sellers fixating on prices that are simply disconnected from the real market.

10 reasons why sellers overprice:

1) Hot headlines are imposed on the price instead of looking at comps. 

2) Dissimilar sales are used as “comps” to price the home.

3) Too much emphasis is put on price per sq ft instead of actual comps.

4) A property is priced like it doesn’t have a busy street or adverse location.

5) Sales from a higher-priced area are “cherry-picked” to price the property.

6) The seller is too subjective and feels “my house is better.”

7) The owner believes the cost of any upgrades should be paid for by buyers.

8) A more aggressive trend from a lower price range is assumed to be present at a higher price range.

9) It’s a tricky property and not easy to come up with a price.

10) What else?

My article in Comstock’s: By the way, I wrote an article in Comstock’s Magazine this month on the value of upgrades. Check it out if you want.

I hope this was interesting or helpful.

Questions: Are you seeing sellers price for “unicorns”? What reasons do you think sellers overprice? Did I miss something?

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A slowing market & value by Starbucks cups

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Imagine not being able to see home prices. How would we measure value? In other words, could we determine higher values in one area compared to another based on things like school ratings, owner occupancy rates, or the income of residents? Let’s consider that, talk about the market in terms of Starbucks cups, and then dig deep into Sacramento trends for those interested. Any thoughts?

If we couldn’t see prices, what would be the best indicator of value?

1) Income of residents.
2) School ratings.
3) Percentage of owner occupied units.
4) Crime rates.
5) Length of grass.
6) Walking score.
7) Proximity to Downtown.
8) Proximity to coffee shops.
9) Number of cats in the neighborhood (thanks Gary).
10) What else?

The Takeaway: If we didn’t have access to prices in an area we could probably analyze some of the list above to get a sense of higher or lower values in certain areas. Ultimately we have to remember value is about the stuff behind the price, so it’s key to be in tune with what’s making value move in various places.

Here is a Twitter poll I ran:

Starbucks cups instead of price: Keeping with the theme, let’s talk about the market in terms of the cost of Starbucks cups (tall size) instead of price.

Real stats in the Sacramento region (but with coffee):

1) The median price softened by 2,512 cups of Starbucks coffee last month.
2) Since summer the median price has softened by 5,128 cups of coffee.
3) The median price will likely decline by 10,000 cups of coffee this fall.
4) The median price is up 15,384 coffee cups compared to last year.

Okay, don’t take me too seriously on this. But isn’t it interesting to think about value beyond just price? Next week: Avocado toast price metrics… (kidding).

I hope that was interesting. Anything to add?

–——-——- Big monthly market update (it’s long on purpose) ———–——-

We’re at that time of year. Sales volume has likely peaked for the season. The median price probably climaxed in the summer. Housing inventory is increasing, and each month it’s taking longer to sell in Sacramento. Overall the market has a slower feel compared to a few months ago, values have begun to soften in many areas, and even rents have been flat for a few months according to Yardi Matrix. We’re seeing a seasonal softening in county-wide stats (especially regional stats), but we’re also observing slowness in many neighborhoods as homes are tending to have less offers, less traffic, and even sell for slightly less than the highest prices from a few months back. News like this sometimes freaks people out because they think the market is tanking, but like clockwork the market almost always softens during the fall.

A huge stat to know: Every year the median price and average sales price in Sacramento County tend to soften by about 5%. This doesn’t necessarily mean values decline by 5% in every neighborhood or price range, but it does mean we can expect price softening in most areas during the fall season.

A word to sellers: Don’t be that stereotypical person who doesn’t listen to the market when it comes to price. Right now the market is slowing and the number of price reductions is higher than it’s been all year. As long as you’re priced reasonably you’re going to get offers, but be cautious not to price unrealistically high because you’re hearing the market is blazing “hot”.

I could go on, but let’s get visual.

DOWNLOAD 73 graphs HERE: Please download all graphs in this post and more here as a zip file (includes a stat sheet too). See my sharing policy for 5 ways to share (please don’t copy verbatim).

SACRAMENTO COUNTY (more graphs & stats here):

SACRAMENTO COUNTY STATS:

  1. The median price is currently $347,500 and dipped 0.1% last month.
  2. The median price is 9.6% higher than the same time last year.
  3. Sales volume in September was 6.8% lower this year than 2016. There were 1499 single family detached sales last month.
  4. It took an average of 26 days to sell a home last month (one year ago it was taking 4 days longer).
  5. The median days on market last month was 14 days.
  6. It took 2 more days to sell in September compared to August (median days).
  7. FHA sales were 19.4% of all sales last month in the county.
  8. Only 1% of sales last month were bank-owned & 1.1% were short sales.
  9. The avg price per sq ft was about $223, which is slightly higher than last month (11% higher than last year).
  10. The avg sales price increased about 1.3% last month and is currently $384,000. This is 10.9% higher than last year.
  11. Cash sales were 13% of all sales last month.

SACRAMENTO REGION (more graphs & stats here):

SACRAMENTO REGION STATS:

  1. The median price is $385,000 and declined about 1% last month.
  2. The median price is 8.4% higher than the same time last year.
  3. Sales volume in September was 3.6% lower this year than 2016. There were 2422 single family detached sales last month.
  4. It took an average of 31 days to sell a home last month (one year ago it was taking 4 days longer).
  5. The median days on market last month was 15 days, which means properties are selling really quickly.
  6. The median days on market increased by 2 days last month, which helps shows a slowing in the market.  
  7. FHA sales were 16.1% of all sales last month.
  8. Only 1.1% of sales last month were bank-owned & 0.8% were short sales.
  9. The avg price per sq ft was about $228, which increased about 1% last month (10% higher than last year).
  10. The avg sales price declined about 1% last month and is currently $425,516. This is 8.3% higher than last year.
  11. Cash sales were 14.9% of all sales last month.

PLACER COUNTY (more graphs & stats here):

PLACER COUNTY STATS:

  1. The median price is currently $450,000 and declined about 3% last month.
  2. The median price is 4% higher than the same time last year.
  3. Sales volume in September was 1.3% less this year than 2016. There were 524 single family detached sales.
  4. It took an average of 34 days to sell a home last month (one year ago it was taking 7 days longer).
  5. The median days on market last month was 18 days, which means properties are selling really quickly.
  6. The median days on market increased by 3 days last month, which helps shows a slowing in the market. 
  7. FHA sales were 12.9% of all sales.
  8. There were only 3 bank-owned sales last month and only 2 short sales.
  9. The avg price per sq ft was $231, which is slightly higher than last month (9.1% higher than last year).
  10. The avg sales price decreased about 3.5% last month and is currently $490,615. This is 1.6% higher than last year.
  11. Cash sales were 17.1% of all sales last month.

DOWNLOAD 73 graphs HERE: Please download all graphs in this post and more here as a zip file (includes a stat sheet too). See my sharing policy for 5 ways to share (please don’t copy verbatim).

Questions: Besides price, what do you think the strongest indicator of value is for a neighborhood? Anything else you’re seeing in the market? Should we start a Starbucks Cups Price Index maybe? I’d love to hear your take.

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Price ceilings & literal ceilings that are too low

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I have two types of ceilings on my mind. How do you know when a market begins to reach its price ceiling for the season? And how low can a ceiling be in a home and still be considered legitimate square footage by an appraiser?

I recently inspected a house where the ceiling was 6 feet 8 inches high. Is that tall enough to count? Is there such a thing as too low? Let’s talk about it. 

How low can a ceiling be? Lots of people think 8 feet is the minimum ceiling height because that’s a common height in most homes, but it’s actually 7 feet according to the American National Standards Institute (ANSI Z765). Technically ANSI says it’s okay to have a ceiling height at 6’4″ under beams though. Keep in mind sometimes a ceiling might have a downward slope like we see with a Tudor or the photo above. When ceilings slope really low, there is something called the “5 foot rule” where the appraiser can count any space above 5 feet as living area as long as over 50% of the ceiling area is at least 7 feet.

When appraisers observe houses with ceilings below 7 feet, they’ll typically email the lender and say, “Hey there, this property has a ceiling less than 7 feet, and that doesn’t cut it according to ANSI standards. How do you want me to proceed?” After hearing that there’s a good chance the lender might not want to do the loan. Of course a property with low ceilings can still have value and even be appraised, but it may need to be marketed to an investor paying cash instead of a buyer using conventional or FHA financing.

Market price ceilings: Switching ceiling gears, how would you know if the market was beginning to reach its price ceiling for the season? That’s a great question to ask since many markets in the United States are going to be doing just that over the next couple of months. As I said in June, the Sacramento market is beginning to slow down even though we don’t see it in the sales stats yet. This doesn’t mean the market is cold or values are declining. It only means we are seeing subtle clues to a slowing market as high altitude values from the spring are at the beginning of a downward seasonal descent.

Umm, please don’t say the market is slowing!!!

At times it’s not very popular in the real estate community to publicly talk about the market slowing, but it’s something that happens nearly every single year. I realize we have big headlines about the market being “hot”, and it really is in many way, but catching the symptoms of a slowing market is key for valuing properties (and it’s good for clients). I suggest starting to watch price reductions more closely because they’ve been increasing lately in Sacramento and this is one of the first signs of a slowing market. Also pay attention to days on market increasing in coming time along with some of the other factors above (including the sales to list price ratio). I highly recommend asking other real estate professionals the question, “What are you seeing out there?” It’s amazing the type of insight you can glean from title reps, loan officers, appraisers, agents, escrow officers, etc…

I hope that was helpful or interesting. Any thoughts?

–——-——- Big monthly market update (it’s long on purpose) ———–——-

Values showed an increase again last month and sales volume was very steady compared to the past few Junes. Overall most price metrics were up 1-2% from last month, though the month prior they increased 2-4%. Inventory is still down about 20% from last year, and properties have been selling like hotcakes in only 9 days (that’s the median). In case you wanted to know, most price metrics are up about 7% from last year. One interesting thing to watch is FHA sales are starting to sag more noticeably as they ticked down a few percentage points to 21% of the market in Sacramento County. Granted, 1 in 5 sales is still quite a bit of FHA volume, but last year we were seeing 1 in 4 sales go FHA. It’s easy to think this means first-time buyers are getting squeezed out by Bay Area buyers, but that’s not really the case. My sense is the downtrend is due to more would-be FHA buyers using competitive conventional products instead of FHA. Lastly, it’s worth noting Curbed has a glowing article about Sacramento (cool that they quoted me too). This article is starting to go viral and it’s bound to get many locals pumped on how “hot” the Sacramento market is. Yet despite being “hot” in many ways, let’s remember to look for the signs of a slowing market because we have to realize the market usually hits its seasonal price ceiling right about now (but we won’t see it in the sales stats for a while). I could go on and on with words, but let me share some graphs to show the market visually.

DOWNLOAD 74 graphs (and a stat sheet) HERE: Please download all graphs in this post and more here as a zip file (includes a stat sheet too). See my sharing policy for 5 ways to share (please don’t copy verbatim).

Sacramento County graphs this month (more graphs & stats here):

Sacramento Regional graphs this month (more graphs & stats here):

Placer County graphs this month (more graphs & stats here):

DOWNLOAD 74 graphs (and a stat sheet) HERE: Please download all graphs in this post (and more) here as a zip file. See my sharing policy for 5 ways to share (please don’t copy verbatim).

Questions: Any low ceiling stories to share? Is the price ceiling for the season just about here? Did I miss anything? I’d love to hear your take.

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